Nobel laureate Shearer: To deal with AI threats, to provide life insurance for the people

Original Title: How to Stop 'Extremely Disruptive' AI from Harmming Society: Robert Shiller

NetEase Technology News, January 19 — Before the opening of the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland, Nobel Prize-winning economist and Yale University professor Robert Shiller was interviewed. He highlighted that artificial intelligence (AI) could be one of the biggest challenges facing the job market and even humanity itself. However, he also shared some bold ideas aimed at mitigating the potential harm AI could cause to society.


Shiller said, "What we have seen is unprecedented. Artificial intelligence has arrived and is having a huge impact." When asked if he was concerned about AI threats, he responded, "AI brings a lot of uncertainty. It affects people differently. Some may be replaced, but AI could also bring many positive changes. Maybe we'll have more school teachers and smaller class sizes. People will take better care of the elderly, and we’ll live longer. But for me, the most important issue is the uncertainty AI can create, as it has the potential to be extremely destructive."

In recent years, AI has sparked widespread debate. Many fear that AI or robots could replace human workers, leading to significant social and economic shifts. In 2013, a study by the University of Oxford predicted that 47% of U.S. jobs could be replaced by automation within two decades. This idea has been echoed by other tech leaders. However, not everyone sees AI as purely negative. For instance, Gartner, a market research firm, suggested in a recent report that by 2020, AI might create 2.3 million jobs—more than the 1.8 million it could potentially eliminate.

Shiller, who won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Economics for his work on asset prices and inefficient markets, proposed a concept he calls "livelihood insurance" to help reduce unemployment or income loss caused by AI. He explained, "People are facing unprecedented career risks. I believe we should think about insurance plans for individuals and their careers, and prevent inequality from worsening. While people often worry about current issues and expect government redistribution, I think we need to explore alternative forms of insurance and redistribution."

When asked about the idea of "livelihood insurance," Shiller said the concept is already emerging but needs more support to gain wider acceptance. He added, "We’re starting to see some livelihood insurance initiatives. For example, there's a web design school that teaches young people how to program websites. They don’t charge anything unless you land a job with a certain income level. Then they tax your first year’s income and take 10% of it. They promise to help you find a job. If you don’t get a satisfactory one, you don’t pay anything."

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