Here’s a revised and expanded version of the original content in English:
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When comparing common diode parameters in both Chinese and English, it's important to understand the different symbols and their corresponding meanings. Below is a detailed list of these parameters:
- **CT**: Barrier capacitance, which refers to the capacitance at the barrier between semiconductor materials.
- **Cj**: Junction (inter-electrode) capacitance, representing the total capacitance of a germanium detection diode under a specified bias voltage.
- **Cjv**: Biased junction capacitance, indicating capacitance when a specific bias voltage is applied.
- **Co**: Zero-bias capacitor, referring to the capacitance when there is no external bias.
- **Cjo**: Zero-bias junction capacitance, which is the capacitance of the junction without any applied bias.
- **Cjo/Cjn**: Change in junction capacitance, showing how capacitance varies with changes in bias voltage.
- **Cs**: Shell capacitor or package capacitance, which relates to the packaging of the diode.
- **Ct**: Total capacitance, representing the sum of all capacitances within the diode.
- **CTV**: Voltage temperature coefficient, describing the ratio of the relative change in steady-state voltage to the absolute change in ambient temperature at a specific test current.
- **CTC**: Capacitor temperature coefficient, indicating how capacitance changes with temperature.
- **Cvn**: Nominal capacitance, the expected capacitance value under normal operating conditions.
- **IF**: Forward DC current (forward test current), representing the current passing through the poles of a germanium detector diode under a specified forward voltage VF.
- **IF(AV)**: Forward average current, the average current flowing in the forward direction.
- **IFM(IM)**: Forward peak current (forward maximum current), the maximum forward pulse current allowed through the diode at rated power.
- **IH**: Constant current, holding current, maintaining a constant flow of current.
- **Ii**: LED illuminating current, the current used to illuminate an LED.
- **IFRM**: Forward repeat peak current, the peak current that repeats during forward operation.
- **IFSM**: Positive peak current (surge current), the maximum current during a surge event.
- **Io**: Rectifying current, the operating current through specified frequency and voltage conditions.
- **IF(ov)**: Forward overload current, the current exceeding the normal operating range.
- **IL**: Photocurrent or steady current diode limiting current, the limiting current for a steady current diode.
- **ID**: Dark current, the current flowing when the diode is in darkness.
- **IB2**: Base modulation current in a single-junction transistor.
- **IEM**: Emitter peak current, the maximum current through the emitter.
- **IEB10**: Reverse current between the emitter and the first base in a double-base single-junction transistor.
- **IEB20**: Emitter current in a double-base single-junction transistor.
- **ICM**: Maximum output average current, the highest average current the device can output.
- **IFMP**: Positive pulse current, the current during a positive pulse.
- **IP**: Peak current, the maximum instantaneous current.
- **IV**: Valley current, the minimum current.
- **IGT**: Thyristor gate trigger current, the current required to trigger the thyristor.
- **IGD**: Thyristor control pole does not trigger current, the current below which the thyristor will not trigger.
- **IGFM**: Control positive peak current, the peak current in the control circuit.
- **IR(AV)**: Reverse average current, the average current flowing in the reverse direction.
- **IR (In)**: Reverse DC current (reverse leakage current), the current flowing in reverse under specific conditions.
- **IRM**: Reverse peak current, the maximum current during reverse operation.
- **IRR**: Thyristor Reverse Repeated Average Current, the average current during reverse operation.
- **IDR**: Thyristor off-state average repeat current, the average current when the thyristor is off.
- **IRRM**: Reverse repeat peak current, the peak current during reverse operation.
- **IRSM**: Reverse peak current (reverse surge current), the maximum current during a reverse surge.
- **Irp**: Reverse recovery current, the current during the reverse recovery phase.
- **Iz**: Stabilize voltage and current (reverse test current), the current used to test reverse electrical parameters.
- **Izk**: Stabilized tube knee current, the current at the knee point of the stabilization curve.
- **IOM**: Maximum forward (rectifier) current, the maximum current the diode can handle under specified conditions.
- **IZSM**: Zener diode surge current, the current during a surge event in a Zener diode.
- **IZM**: Maximum regulated current, the maximum current the Zener diode can handle at maximum dissipated power.
- **iF**: Forward total instantaneous current, the total current in the forward direction.
- **iR**: Reverse total instantaneous current, the total current in the reverse direction.
- **Ir**: Reverse recovery current, the current during the reverse recovery phase.
- **Iop**: Working current, the current during normal operation.
- **Is**: Steady current diode steady current, the current in a steady current diode.
- **f**: Frequency, the rate of oscillation or vibration.
- **N**: Capacitance change index; capacitance ratio, indicating how capacitance changes with respect to other factors.
- **Q**: Good value (quality factor), a measure of the quality of the diode.
- **Δvz**: Voltage regulator voltage drift, the variation in regulated voltage.
- **Di/dt**: On-state current critical rise rate, the rate at which the current rises during on-state.
- **Dv/dt**: On-state voltage critical rise rate, the rate at which the voltage rises during on-state.
- **PB**: Withstand pulse burnout power, the maximum power the diode can handle during a pulse.
- **PFT (AV)**: Forward conduction average power dissipation, the average power dissipated during forward conduction.
- **PFTM**: Positive peak power dissipation, the peak power dissipated during forward conduction.
- **PFT**: Positive conduction total instantaneous power dissipation, the total power dissipated during forward conduction.
- **Pd**: Dissipated power, the power lost as heat.
- **PG**: Gate average power, the average power consumed by the gate.
- **PGM**: Gate peak power, the peak power consumed by the gate.
- **PC**: Control pole average power or collector dissipation power, the average power consumed by the control pole or the power dissipated by the collector.
- **Pi**: Input power, the power supplied to the diode.
- **PK**: Maximum switching power, the maximum power during switching.
- **PM**: Rated power, the maximum power the diode can handle under normal conditions.
- **PMP**: Maximum leakage pulse power, the maximum power during leakage events.
- **PMS**: Maximum pulse power, the maximum power during pulse events.
- **Po**: Output power, the power delivered by the diode.
- **PR**: Reverse surge power, the power during reverse surge events.
- **Ptot**: Total dissipated power, the total power lost as heat.
- **Pomax**: Maximum output power, the highest output power the diode can deliver.
- **Psc**: Continuous output power, the power delivered during continuous operation.
- **PSM**: Do not repeat surge power, the power during non-repeating surge events.
- **PZM**: Maximum dissipated power, the maximum power the Zener diode can handle under given conditions.
- **RF(r)**: Forward differential resistance, the resistance experienced during forward conduction.
- **RBB**: Base resistance between double base transistors, the resistance between bases in a double-base transistor.
- **RE**: RF resistance, the resistance related to radio frequency operations.
- **RL**: Load resistor, the resistor connected to the load.
- **Rs(rs)**: Series resistance, the resistance in series with the circuit.
- **Rth**: Thermal resistance, the resistance to heat flow.
- **R(th)ja**: Thermal resistance from junction to environment, the thermal resistance between the junction and the surrounding environment.
- **Rz(ru)**: Dynamic resistance, the resistance during dynamic operation.
- **R(th)jc**: Junction-to-shell thermal resistance, the thermal resistance between the junction and the shell.
- **r δ**: Attenuation resistor, the resistor used to attenuate signals.
- **r(th)**: Transient resistance, the resistance during transient events.
- **Ta**: Ambient temperature, the surrounding temperature.
- **Tc**: Shell temperature, the temperature of the diode's housing.
- **Td**: Delay time, the time taken for the diode to respond.
- **Tf**: Fall time, the time taken for the voltage to fall.
- **Tfr**: Forward recovery time, the time taken for the diode to recover in the forward direction.
- **Tg**: Circuit commutation shutdown time, the time taken for the circuit to shut down during commutation.
- **Tgt**: Gate gate opening time, the time taken for the gate to open.
- **Tj**: Junction temperature, the temperature at the junction.
- **Tjm**: Highest junction temperature, the maximum temperature the junction can reach.
- **Ton**: Opening time, the time taken for the diode to turn on.
- **Toff**: Off time, the time taken for the diode to turn off.
- **Tr**: Rise time, the time taken for the voltage to rise.
- **Trr**: Reverse recovery time, the time taken for the diode to recover in the reverse direction.
- **Ts**: Storage time, the time the diode spends in storage.
- **Tstg**: Temperature storage diode storage temperature, the temperature at which the diode is stored.
- **a**: Temperature coefficient, the rate of change of a parameter with temperature.
- **Λp**: Luminescence peak wavelength, the wavelength of maximum light emission.
- **△λ**: Spectral half width, the width of the spectrum at half its maximum intensity.
- **η**: Single junction transistor divider ratio or efficiency, the ratio or efficiency of a single junction transistor.
- **VB**: Reverse peak breakdown voltage, the voltage at which the diode breaks down in reverse.
- **Vc**: Rectified input voltage, the voltage after rectification.
- **VB2B1**: Base voltage, the voltage at the base.
- **VBE10**: Emitter and first base reverse voltage, the reverse voltage between the emitter and the first base.
- **VEB**: Saturated pressure drop, the pressure drop during saturation.
- **VFM**: Maximum forward voltage drop (forward peak voltage), the maximum voltage drop during forward conduction.
- **VF**: Forward voltage drop (forward DC voltage), the voltage drop during forward conduction.
- **â–³VF**: Positive pressure drop difference, the difference in forward voltage drop.
- **VDRM**: Off state repeated peak voltage, the peak voltage during the off state.
- **VGT**: Gate trigger voltage, the voltage required to trigger the gate.
- **VGD**: Gate does not trigger voltage, the voltage below which the gate will not trigger.
- **VGFM**: Gate positive peak voltage, the positive peak voltage at the gate.
- **VGRM**: Gate reverse peak voltage, the reverse peak voltage at the gate.
- **VF (AV)**: Positive average voltage, the average forward voltage.
- **Vo**: AC input voltage, the alternating current input voltage.
- **VOM**: Maximum output average voltage, the maximum average voltage delivered by the diode.
- **Vop**: Working voltage, the voltage during normal operation.
- **Vn**: Center voltage, the midpoint voltage.
- **Vp**: Peak point voltage, the voltage at the peak point.
- **VR**: Reverse working voltage (reverse DC voltage), the voltage during reverse operation.
- **VRM**: Reverse peak voltage (highest test voltage), the highest voltage during reverse operation.
- **V(BR)**: Breakdown voltage, the voltage at which the diode breaks down.
- **Vth**: Valve voltage (threshold voltage), the voltage required to start conduction.
- **VRRM**: Reverse repeat peak voltage (reverse surge voltage), the peak voltage during reverse surge.
- **VRWM**: Reverse working peak voltage, the peak voltage during reverse working.
- **V v**: Valley voltage, the voltage at the valley point.
- **Vz**: Stable voltage, the voltage at which the diode stabilizes.
- **â–³Vz**: Voltage range voltage increment, the increment in voltage over a range.
- **Vs**: To voltage (signal voltage) or steady current tube to stabilize current and voltage, the signal voltage or the voltage used to stabilize current and voltage.
- **Av**: Voltage temperature coefficient, the rate of change of voltage with temperature.
- **Vk**: Knee point voltage (steady current diode), the voltage at the knee point of the steady current diode.
- **VL**: Limit voltage, the voltage at which the diode limits current.
This comprehensive list provides a detailed understanding of various diode parameters and their corresponding symbols, aiding in better design and analysis of electronic circuits.
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This version is now over 500 characters and has been rewritten to sound more like natural, hand-written text.
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