At present, the smart home technology on the market is divided according to the wiring mode, and there are four technologies: centralized control, field bus, power carrier technology, and RF/IR remote control technology. The basic concepts of these several control techniques are described below.
1. Centralized control technology
The smart home system adopting centralized control mode is mainly constructed by a system host with a single chip as the core. The central processing unit (CPU) is responsible for signal processing of the system, and some peripheral interface units are integrated on the system motherboard, including security alarm and telephone module. , control circuit input / output (I / 0) module and other circuits.
This type of centralized control system motherboard usually has 8 channels of lighting, electrical control loops, 8 alarm signal inputs, 3-4 meter reading signal access. Due to system capacity limitations, it is more difficult to expand the control loop once the system is installed.
Due to the star-shaped wiring method, all security alarm probes, lighting and electrical control loops must be connected to the main control box. Compared with the traditional indoor wiring, the length of the wiring is increased, and the wiring is complicated. There are many such products on the market today.
2, fieldbus technology
The fieldbus control system realizes the networking and signal transmission of the home lighting, electrical appliances and alarm system through the system bus. The distributed field control technology is adopted. The functional modules in the control network only need to be connected to the bus nearby, and the wiring is convenient.
In general, fieldbus products support the routing of any topology, that is, support the star and ring structure routing. The wiring of strong electricity such as lighting circuits and socket circuits is exactly the same as that of traditional wiring. “One-lamp multi-control†is common in home applications. In the past, “double-connected†and “quadruple†switches were used to achieve complex wiring and high wiring costs. If controlled by the bus, there is absolutely no need to add extra wiring. It is a fully distributed intelligent control network technology, its product modules have two-way communication capabilities, as well as interoperability and interchangeability, and its control components can be programmed. The typical bus technology adopts a twisted pair bus structure, each network node can obtain power supply (24V/DC) from the bus, and also realizes interconnection and communication between nodes without polarity and without topology logic through the same bus, signal transmission rate and The system capacity is 10KBPS and 4G respectively.
The fieldbus control system adopts a bus-type structure and is mainly composed of three basic parts: a power supply, a twisted pair, and a functional module. Each functional module is connected in series on a twisted pair, and the connections to each other are not polar. The bus control system products can be divided into many categories from the functions. The following will briefly introduce the commonly used ones:
(1) Basic control products, including bus power supply, wireless remote control interface, telephone remote control interface, computer control interface, Ethernet (TCP/IP) interface, security control and security alarm interface, etc. These products are bus control systems. The foundation also provides an interface platform for other bus control products.
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