Main design considerations for portable medical instruments

Whether it's developing blood glucose meters, digital sphygmomanometers, blood gas meters, digital pulse/ heart rate monitors, or even digital thermometers, there are five system-level blocks that are common to every instrument: power/ battery management, control and data processing, and sensor input amplification. And A/D conversion, some types of displays, and the sensor elements themselves. What are the main design considerations during the development process? Please read this article.

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Whether it's a blood glucose meter, a digital sphygmomanometer, a blood gas meter, a digital pulse/heart rate monitor or even a digital thermometer, there are five system-level blocks that are common to each instrument: power/battery management, control and data processing, and sensor input amplification. And A/D conversion, some types of displays, and the sensor elements themselves. In general, these are semiconductor-controlled handheld devices that operate on batteries and use a variety of biosensors for measurements. Obviously, the actual implementation topology of these blocks is quite different in terms of sensing, processing, and information display requirements for instrument types and feature sets.

Key design considerations include ultra-low power consumption and high efficiency driven by extended battery life requirements, as well as high precision and fast response times driven by the user's need to quickly understand their state of use. Other requirements have created the following requirements: additional storage that allows the storage of historical data, wired or wireless interfaces that can upload data to a home or doctor's office or even a computer that has access to the sensor, and potential audio feedback of good/bad indications or more complex Gradually use the instructions. Adding these features without increasing power consumption is a major challenge. Texas Instruments' family of microcontrollers, instrumentation and cache amplifiers, power and battery management, audio amplifiers, and wireless and wireless interface devices provide the ideal toolbox for portable medical applications.

Common kernel subsystems include:

Analog front end / sensor interface: The biosensor and ambient temperature inputs are amplified first and then digitized by the A/D converter.

LCD/LED/Keyboard: Data display and input.

Microcontroller: Performs a blood glucose measurement process and controls the interface to memory and peripherals. It also executes the speech synthesizer software as an output voice command for the blood glucose monitoring program.

Audio Amplifier: Amplifies the audio output from the PWM circuit or DAC. The PWM beeps to inform when the measurement is available. The DAC from the speech synthesizer software outputs voice commands. Memory/Peripheral: Measurement results are stored as data logs in EEPROM or FLASH memory and uploaded to the PC via the USB interface.

Power Management and Conversion: Convert input battery power to run various function blocks.

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