In landscape design, the effects of daytime and nighttime effects are very important. In order to display more vivid and vivid landscape effects at night, it is necessary to design a lighting system scientifically and reasonably.
This paper takes some practical projects as an example to analyze the application forms and specific effects of different lighting systems in landscape design.
Lawn lamp arrangement principle
(1) First determine the style of the lawn lamp
For example, the light transmittance of the luminaire of the luminaire is 100% full light transmission or 50% frosted semi-transparent. This value is easily ignored, but will affect the average illuminance Eav of the road after the completion of the project;
Then determine the height of the lawn lamp (generally in the 0.4-0.8m range), the specific height is calculated according to the lighting selection style and the spatial ratio of different project models.
(2) After the above basic conditions are determined, the point arrangement is started.
The layout is divided into three types of "word", "one side", "double side".
The distance between the lamps should be calculated according to the width of the road and the illuminance required by the specification. For example, the lawn lamp with a height of 0.45 m adopts the "word" arrangement, and the road width is 2 m. In order to ensure the specification requirement Eav=10-15 lm/m2, The spacing should be controlled between 8-12m.
Note: Landscape lighting layout, can not be strictly in accordance with the standard values, according to the program and project characteristics to adjust accordingly, such as the following comparison:
Figure 1: According to the characteristics of the project and the aesthetic symmetry of the points, it ensures that each household has a set of lawn lights, which not only satisfies the illumination but also prompts and guides. The distance increase will inevitably lead to the improvement of illumination, but The illuminance of the single source can be reduced according to the existing conditions to meet the average control illuminance at the beginning of the design.
Figure 2: Arranging the points according to the estimated values, only controlling the distance between the lamps, without considering the characteristics of the project and the aesthetics of the landscape requirements. It can be seen from the figure that there is no regularity and the points are arbitrary.
Next, the applicability and economy of the three layout principles are elaborated:
(1) One-sided arrangement
This type of method is suitable for straight pedestrian walkways, which are arranged on the right side of the road (according to the walking rules of the road) and are economical because they save roads and cables between roads.
(2) Double side arrangement
Such methods are rarely used in actual projects. At present, the excellent combination is only used in Jimo Lushan, mainly based on the European axis symmetry feature to highlight the ritual sense, using a special fan-shaped smooth surface to enhance the lighting effect, but not used in conventional lighting. Because of its low economy, it will increase the engineering volume of pipelines, cables and lamps.
(3) word arrangement
This kind of method is suitable for curved roads. If the arc is too much, the one-side arrangement will result in uneven illumination, and the word arrangement can solve such problems better.
2
High pole light / garden light layout principle
The principle of high pole light arrangement is similar to that of lawn light. It is worth noting that the height of the light is selected. When the single side is used, the height of the light should be the width of the road. The zigzag arrangement should be 0.7 times the width of the road and 0.5 on both sides. Times.
3
Principle of layout of embedded step lights
This luminaire has no fixed principle and should be determined according to the different requirements and effects of the project.
For example, a high degree of symmetry and a wide field step is easy to use a rectangular Step Light ; if the width is narrow, a cylindrical step light or LED strip is used.
Although they are the same steps, the effect of different lamps is quite different.
4
LED lamp strip layout principle
These lamps are not good in appearance, but they are uniform in light efficiency and low in price, and can be used in large quantities. As long as it is hidden through reasonable construction of the civil works, it can achieve better landscape effects, so it is often applied in the joint project of excellent land.
Here are a few of the projects that have been used and are working well:
(1) Longhu·Shuangyu original jade stone wall built-in LED Waterproof Light strip, vertical horizontal paving distance 100mm, through the dense matrix to enhance the night scene effect, the front wall of the front wall uses a light strip with a hook to form a three-dimensional not only with the rear wall Sense, more to achieve the effect of "constrained" sight, like a photo frame.
(2) Longhu · Tianzhu and the first creation · Rui Ruishu, why do you merge? Because the same waterproof light strip is used, the similar road shape has different luminous effects. The principle is very simple, that is, the light conductivity is utilized, because the water medium has higher conductivity than the air medium, Longhu·Tianlu adopts The light is hidden on the water surface, so a hook line is formed, so that the road has a feeling of floating on the water.
The first creation, Rui Ruishu, put the light strip in the water and let it evenly brighten the water.
(3) The following are all LED lamp strips. According to different civil construction nodes, different installation methods and positions can achieve different effects, which saves the cost of lamps.
5
LED line lamp layout principle
This luminaire is commonly used in architectural lighting and landscape lighting. Because of its uniform light efficiency and large flood angle, it is often used in landscape walls and floor coverings.
For example, in the Longhu·Tianzhu project, the dense array LED line lamp that is hidden in the top of the landscape wall is used to calculate the required power by local illumination, and the installation of the finished lamp is determined according to the civil engineering detail. size.
In fact, this node is also overlooked in detail, that is, the left side of the wall, the "silhouette" effect of the tree, is also the first time to try outdoors, inspired by an art silhouette light used in the building, see below:
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