Zhang Zhuoli, Technical Center of Shanghai General Electric Company In the world today, with the vigorous development and wide application of CAD, CAM and CAE technologies in various fields of manufacturing, it has achieved great success in all aspects. Whether in high-precision complex calculations in design, precision machining in manufacturing, planar and space mapping of product designs, simulation effects simulations and 3D animations that are widely used for rendering, the extraordinary capabilities and performance of computers and their software are demonstrated. The technique has completed the work that was previously impossible or done by hand, creating unprecedented processing quality and design efficiency. Its use has greatly shortened the product development cycle, and humans have since entered the era of the third industrial revolution.
In the field of lighting, there is also a very rich software. Their use reduces the heavy manual labor and completes the work that could not be done or only a few people can do. Therefore, its popularization and promotion will greatly promote the lighting in China. The development of the cause.
In order to promote the development and improvement of China's lighting industry, I will introduce the related software I have known and used in the design work for many years, covering lighting design and lighting design.
Many aspects of lighting design and luminaire design involve many aspects such as mechanical, optical, lighting applications, etc. There are many softwares in various aspects. For the sake of clarity, some of the more common software are listed below, see table.
Table common lighting professional field software list software classification origin software name lighting design lighting calculation Europe USA Japan lighting effect simulation US luminosity data processing US luminaire design optical design imaging light road US non-imaging light path US European structural design US European thermal design American styling Design US degree calculation, brightness calculation uniformity calculation, glare meter calculation, etc. In the past, lishingHo is worth mentioning that some of the large-scale lighting companies invited bookmark1 to introduce an engineering project. Lighting design is an important part of electrical design. It is an important means to measure the illumination effect in the space by calculating the illuminance or brightness of the working surface in the illuminated space and the focus in the space to obtain their uniformity and glare. Although the evaluation of today's lighting environment is no longer limited to the above simple parameters, they are still the focus of attention and the goal pursued in many occasions.
The calculation of the luminosity parameters in the lighting design is mainly: before the 1990s, such work was mainly done manually, which was cumbersome and inaccurate, and even many tasks such as effect simulation were difficult to carry out. After the 1990s, the widespread use of personal computers and the emergence of corresponding software, this problem no longer exists. A number of softwares with fast calculation speed, good accuracy, convenient operation and intuitive effects have been adopted. The device or the refractor 2 and put the light source in the proper position; nic1*11 research method - work toward thinking because the daily student bookmark2 software company specially designed a lighting design software, such as Cooper's Luxicon, GE The company's Reality of Aladin and Calculux of Philips, etc. The copyright of such software is usually owned by the lighting company, and the trademarks, addresses, etc. of these companies are covered in the operation interface, luminosity database, and print templates. The information such as the name of the lighting, most of the calculations can not use other companies' products and can only use the company's products, so these software have certain limitations in use. Most of these softwares are free, but some are rarely collected. cost of.
3 Simulation and rendering software for lighting effects Nowadays, many lighting design softwares have equal illumination or equal brightness curves to represent its numerical distribution, as well as simulation of lighting effects to visually represent the lighting effects in the venue. Such as the light and dark conditions on the work surface or different places on the road, the value of the value is represented by different gray scales.
Then, many indoor and outdoor lighting projects are decorative, such as night lighting and hall lighting, they need different colors, and the light needs different strengths and shadows to express their artistic feelings and styles. Provide the owner with a choice and judgment material, which is the function of the rendering software.
At present, in the rendering software used to make lighting engineering renderings, there are three types of lighting effects: according to the artist's understanding of the light and shadow effects and the color of the light, combined with the skill of the usual paintings, such as real scenes or models. Photographing is one of the most widely used methods, using software such as Photoshop, which belongs to the first category; three-dimensional modeling of engineering objects is performed with a few light distribution patterns such as point source, beam light, etc. The lighting effect of the rendered image is called the second category, such as 3Dmax; the third type, such as Lightscape, can be used to render the work with the light distribution of real lamps.
It should be said that the third type of simulation works best. However, with the difference in the level of the creative staff, many people who use Photoshop or 3Dmax software can also draw very fine and realistic works.
The optical design of the luminaire is mainly the design of the reflector and the refractor. It is the design of the non-imaging optical system in geometric optics. The design software has a database of light sources and materials for design selection and use. The calculation steps of such software are similar. , roughly as follows: select a required light source in the light source database; use 3D software to draw a reflection that you think is satisfactory, check whether the parameters in the light distribution of the luminaire meet the predetermined requirements; C) if the design requirements are not met For the unsatisfied part of the calculated light distribution curve, adjust the relevant part of the reflector or the refractor, calculate again, and repeat the modification until the calculated light distribution curve completely meets the predetermined requirements.
The following softwares have this function: Photopia: It is a product developed and continuously improved by LTI in the United States for more than ten years. There are more than 200 kinds of light source databases, all of which are 1:1 actual size, reflective and transmissive materials. The database is also measured according to the actual material, so the results obtained by the simulation calculation are not much different from the actual experimental results.
SPE0S: It is a kind of software for the luminaire manufacturing industry launched by Optis in France in 1994. It can be used together with the mechanical design software Catia. It is currently using version 2.5.
ReflectorCAD: a module in the integrated optical design software ASAP, launched in 1996 by the Brealt laboratory in Arizona, USA, for automotive lamp manufacturers, with its own CAD function, can also be combined with other mechanical design software, currently out The company's light path design software for automotive lamp manufacturers and other types of lighting manufacturers such as searchlights, projection lights and stage lights is currently available in version 7.0.
Launched in 1995, the main users are various lens manufacturers, which can be combined with other mechanical design software, and are currently available in version 3.0.
There are many programs in the above software and there are many advanced places, plus a large database of materials, so the price is very expensive, generally around RMB 100,000.
In the past, no matter who received the lighting drawings are the plan of the product, there are general plans, there are parts drawings, think about the contents of the plan into a three-dimensional impression in the brain, and with other drawings of this product The content of the comparison is correct, thus confirming its morphological and structural applicability and accuracy. Therefore, the person engaged in this work needs to have a strong reverse thinking function, that is, the three-dimensional objects in real life are regarded as two-dimensional. A collection of images.
Today's mechanical design software breaks through this traditional work and life and work. People are seeing three-dimensional three-dimensional objects. We are used to seeing three-dimensional things. These modern mechanical design softwares start with stereoscopic graphics. Modify the edges until the shape and function are satisfactory. Finally, the software automatically generates flat drawings and gets the same results as before.
The structure design of the luminaire is also the same. Nowadays, the designers use the 3D software and no longer draw the plan on the paper just like the one that has been used before, and no longer only the two-dimensional plane design without the three-dimensional design.
At present, the luminaire structure design software that has been used in luminaires mainly includes three-dimensional industrial modeling, three-dimensional mechanical design and two-dimensional engineering drawing, which are respectively described as follows: (1) Three-dimensional industrial modeling: This software is used in the initial stage of product development, design The contours, appearance appearance and overall functional evaluation, the main software used are: Rhinoceros, Alias, CDRS and so on.
In the case of the previous step, the staff has deepened the design of the product. Currently, there are many softwares, including Pro-e and I. Some fixtures also require analysis of mechanical strength, such as handles and handles, such as Ansys. The software listed above is a very useful design tool that lighting practitioners often encounter and use at work. It will help you save time and make the design work more precise and complete, the expression is more intuitive, and the product is more Beautiful, investment-saving, and very economical. In the past, the domestic penetration rate in this area was not high. With the rapid development of China's lighting industry, we can believe that these software will be used more and more widely, and in the near future there will be software that belongs to the Chinese people's own copyright. (Continued from page 38) Table 3.4 Luminaire pollution attenuation factor The level of ambient light output, igniting time, month 1218243036 IP2X cleaning 0.900. The amount of dust accumulation depends on the I9 level of the luminaire (ie protection level) and also depends on the luminaire The installed environment. Table 3.4 gives the various attenuation factors for each of the 19 grades and the environment. This table is based on the following environmental conditions: a) Cleaning: There are no soot-producing activities nearby. Medium traffic. The environmental particle level does not exceed 30! g/m3 (rural area); S) “General: nearby activities that generate smoke in the middle. The traffic volume is large. The environmental particle level does not exceed F00! a/r3 (residence and light industrial area); c) dirty: there are activities that produce smoke and dust nearby, and sometimes there may be no lamps (heavy industrial areas). Therefore, the hold value is the product of the source lumen attenuation factor and the luminaire pollution attenuation factor. Completed the full text)
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