introduction
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With the development of the transportation industry, how to use modern technology to improve the efficiency of vehicle use and reduce wear and tear, and establish a monitoring and dispatching system integrating monitoring, command, scientific management, coordinated operation and safety precaution, and strengthen the unforeseen danger The security and prevention capabilities have become an urgent problem to be solved. The GPS currently used is only a macro management method. It can be combined with electronic maps to realize real-time scheduling of vehicles. However, GPS systems are greatly affected by the external environment, and there are signal blind spots, such as in mountainous areas and high-rise buildings. Under the bridge, in the tunnel, and in the tunnel, the GPS will be interrupted, and the vehicle running data will be lost. After the blind zone occurs, it takes a long time to relocate, so there is a certain problem in real-time monitoring of the vehicle; The recorder does not have a blind spot problem and can truly record the driver's and vehicle's health in real time.
To this end, the vehicle dynamic monitoring system designed in this paper integrates 3G (GPS, GSM, GIS) and vehicle tachograph technology, which can realize GPS dispatch management and can effectively monitor the driver's advantage. Therefore, the purpose of preventing traffic accidents can be achieved. The integration of the two can also realize real-time dynamic monitoring and dispatching of vehicles, thus providing powerful technical support for the transportation department, enterprises and individual users to realize vehicle management modernization.
1 scheduling monitoring system hardware design
The vehicle dispatching monitoring system integrates GSM, GPS and vehicle tachograph receivers, and transmits the dynamic position (longitude, latitude), time, state and other information through the GSM network to the monitoring center in real time through the mobile monitoring target, and then The display and playback of the mobile monitoring target position and motion trajectory are carried out on the electronic map with powerful geographic information query function, thereby providing a visual basis for the vehicle's dispatch monitoring and monitoring, and improving the operational safety and operational efficiency of the vehicle.
1.1 System hardware components
The vehicle dispatching monitoring system is mainly composed of three parts. The external hardware of the vehicle terminal part (including GPS receiver/GPS antenna, GSM communication machine/GSM antenna, vehicle tachograph) is shown in Figure 1; secondly, the GSM communication network part (including GSM base station controller, mobile exchange) The center, the GSM service support node and the GSM backbone network, and the monitoring center (including the system receiving end, GIS management system, monitoring terminal equipment, etc.), the hardware of which is shown in Figure 2. The positioning information and control information transmission and reception between the mobile target and the monitoring center in the system can also be divided into two parts, and the GSM network is used between the mobile target and the GSM gateway, and between the GSM gateway and the vehicle dynamic monitoring system. Serial communication technology is adopted.
1.2 Working principle
The working principle of the system is shown in Figure 3. The vehicle terminal is mainly responsible for positioning the vehicle, transmitting the location information, receiving and processing the downlink data or commands of the monitoring center; the monitoring center is responsible for receiving and processing the uplink data of the mobile unit, while monitoring The position and status of the vehicle are visually and visually displayed on the platform, and command and dispatch are performed as needed; the GSM communication network is responsible for wireless transmission of data between the monitoring center and the mobile unit, and the transmission uses the GSM short message method and the positioning data of the GPS vehicle station. After the format conversion, the short message channel of the GSM mobile phone can be transmitted to the monitoring center, and the monitoring center can also send the command dispatch signaling to the vehicle through the GSM short message channel. The GSM short message method has the advantages of large coverage and large capacity of the GSM voice modulation method. At the same time, the short message service also has the advantages of fast transmission speed, no influence on voice calls, and low price.
2 communication realization
2.1 GSM short message mode
Device initialization and operating parameter settings can be made to the vehicle terminal via a short message. The monitoring center can also perform task scheduling for the vehicle terminal. The monitoring center mainly transmits Chinese character information to the vehicle display through the short message function, thereby realizing the vehicle information scheduling function. Thus, when there is information arriving, the vehicle terminal will alert the driver. The on-board display can display Chinese character information and has information storage and display functions. When the system is running, the vehicle will periodically send vehicle information (including positioning information and vehicle status information) according to the set time interval, and the time interval can be adjusted remotely by the monitoring center. In this way, once the vehicle is started, the terminal can start to send the vehicle positioning information at the set time interval, and the information can be packaged and sent, and each piece of information contains the vehicle position and status information of the central setting number.
2.2 Interface communication between the system receiving end and the monitoring center
This interface mainly solves the real-time communication problem between the GPS receiver and the serial port of the computer, reads the serial port information in real time, and then converts it into the information required by the user through computer classification and encoding processing, and automatically plots it on the electronic map. The interface processing method is to first open the communication port, then set the communication baud rate and transmission format according to the GPS receiver, and clear the receiving queue, then make a request when the serial port event occurs, and finally the main window responds and checks the generated event, and reads Serial port information.
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