Coke oven and chemical recovery part industry solution

The coking process is a process in which coal is carbonized in a coke oven to produce coke. The raw coal is produced in a coke oven in a carbonization chamber at about 1100 to 1300 DEG C to generate coke, which is accompanied by a large amount of raw gas. As the main raw material for blast furnace ironmaking, coke can be used as a city gas supply after purification treatment, and at the same time, it can produce coarse and other by-products.

The coke oven system mainly has the following parts: gas system, exhaust gas system, gas gathering system and auxiliary system.

For a single coke oven gas coke oven, the process is as follows: The gas from the coke oven gas's main gas enters the gas regenerator room from the coke oven gas inlet of the waste gas tank, and then enters the combustion chamber vertical fire via the chute. The bottom is combusted, and the exhaust gas flow (upflow) is formed. The high temperature exhaust gas passes through heat radiation and heat convection. The heat is transferred to the surface of the furnace wall on the lower temperature side of the combustion chamber. Then the heat is passed through the furnace in a thermal conduction manner. The bricks were sent to the charring room for coking. After the heat exchange, the exhaust gas enters the chute (descent air flow) through the other fire path of the dual fire tunnel under the influence of the smoke suction, and then enters the regenerator and the air after the heat exchange through the small flue, the flue, The main flue is finally discharged from the chimney.

The raw gas produced in coke oven production contains a lot of tar and H2S, and there is also a large amount of ammonia sprayed when cooling the raw gas in the bridge section. Therefore, the raw gas at this time cannot be directly sent to the user and must pass through chemical production. Each section of the recycling process purifies the gas.

1. Condensation: The anaerobic gas contains a large amount of tar. First of all, it is necessary to condense most of the tar through the primary cooler to condense it.

2. Electric trapping: The electric tar catcher further removes a small amount of tar contained in the gas from the primary cooler. The temperature of the insulating box inside the electric part must be controlled within a certain range, and the range must be interlocked to stop the blower. If the oxygen content of the coal catcher after the capture is too high, it must be interlocked to stop the blower.

3. Tank section: tar produced by the condensation of the primary cooler, and the tar captured by the electric tar catcher is collected in the tank section.

4. Blower: Most of the tar in the coal gas has been removed after condensation and electric capture. Into the blower, the blower plays a very important role in the gas purification process. It is the power of the gas flow. Different manufacturers The blowers are slightly different, but the interlocking controls here are complex, such as: blower bearing temperature interlocking, interlocking of the crankshaft motor, etc.

5. The main process equipment for the sulfur section is the pre-cooling tower and the desulfurization tower. The sulfur contained in the gas is removed through the reaction with ammonia water. The main flow and control are as follows:

6, from desulfurization out of the gas contains a lot of ammonia, mainly because of the use of ammonia in the desulfurization process, so the next step is to remove this ammonia, the main equipment here is the saturator and ammonia distillation tower, saturators add a lot The concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with ammonia to produce ammonium sulfate crystals. The ammonia distillation tower vaporizes ammonia by means of steam heating. The temperature at the top of the ammonia distillation tower needs to be controlled, which is adjusted by the amount of steam entering the ammonia distillation tower. of.

7. The final cold wash of benzene is the last process of gas purification. The main process is to wash away the benzene contained in the gas. The main process equipment is the final cooling tower, which is condensed by condensing water to wash out benzene.

After the above sections, the gas can be sent to the gas cabinet.

The rich oil washed out from the final cold-washing benzene section enters the crude litter distillation section. The main equipment here is a tube furnace, a regenerator, and a distillation tower. Different distillation towers have different temperatures in different towers to produce different distillation components.

In addition to these major sections, the entire coking recovery section also includes some auxiliary sections such as refrigerating stations, air compressor stations, circulating water, etc., which mainly supply cooling water, cooling water, compressed air, etc. needed for the coke oven and the recovery section. .

Second, the control program

1. Coking furnace partial adjustment item list

Machine-side mixed gas pressure regulation
Focal-side mixed gas pressure regulation Coke Oven gas flow regulation
Machine side flue suction adjustment Machine side coke oven gas flow adjustment
Focal-side flue suction adjustment Focal-side coke oven gas flow adjustment

For different problems in different production processes, we use different control algorithms and strategies.

A. Collector pressure and suction before suction control:

The purpose is to protect the pressure of the coke oven. In the pressure control of the gas collector, because the coke oven and the blower control system are multi-variable systems, there is a complicated coupling relationship, which causes the mutual interference between the control single circuits, and the oscillation overshoot is serious. Because the model parameters of the control object change with the changes of the coke oven operating conditions, it is difficult for the PID control to take into account the requirement of reducing the overshoot and improving the rapidity. Especially when there is a large transient pressure jump phenomenon, the conventional control algorithm cannot achieve control. For this purpose, a combination of expert control and control strategies is used to achieve stable and rapid pressure control of each furnace, and the pressure between furnaces and groups and the coordination with the suction of the mains.

B. Coke oven heating combustion flow control system:

Its purpose is to control the coke oven temperature stability. According to coking time, the amount of coal and other factors to calculate the amount of heating required coke oven, access to coke oven fire temperature, the establishment of coke oven heating temperature and gas flow Cascade PID control.

C. Coke Oven Gas Pressure Control:

The pressure control of the return gas mains adopts PID control algorithm. The algorithm uses different PID parameters according to the input deviation and the rate of change of the deviation.

D. Coke oven gas header pressure control:

Reheating gas main pressure control has the characteristics of large pressure fluctuation range and adjustment should not be too frequent. Therefore, the use of segmented proportional control. Reheated gas main pressure usually requires fluctuations within a certain pressure range.

When the manifold pressure exceeds the pressure ceiling or is below the pressure threshold, the maximum ratio of PI is applied to keep the pressure stable; when the manifold pressure is between the above two, the proportional coefficient P is decreased in turn. To reduce pressure fluctuations.

E. Coke Oven Switch System Control:

The DCS system collects exchange start signals and exchange end signals of the exchange system. After collecting the signal for the start of the exchange, the system keeps the control output of all the gas systems unchanged; when the 30S after the end of the exchange signal is collected (this time requirement can be manually changed), the system resumes control and is automatically read in before the exchange. Automatic control settings. The switch system uses conventional PID control.

2. Gas purification section:

There are many PID adjustments here, including temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, etc. Most of them are simple PID adjustments, but there are not many complex adjustments, mainly divided into adjustment, proportional adjustment, and cascade adjustment. (1). Fractional adjustment of the cold-washed benzene gas and the blower gas at the end of the electric capture period.

(2). Evaporation of the ammonia temperature at the top of the ammonia column and the cascade adjustment of steam flow into the column.

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