"When the torch of the Olympics is lit here, it will be a place where dreams will open." This is the speech of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games main sports sing - China National Stadium program show.
Nowadays, the architectural design plan that the Chinese media and the people call the “Bird's Nest†will raise this dream sail.
Many people know about this bird's nest program. It is the work of the China Architecture Design Institute and the Swiss Herzog and Dimulon Architects. Li Xinggang is the Chinese chief designer of this work.
What kind of opportunity makes you approach the design of the main stadium of the 2008 Olympic Games?
In November 2002, my unit, China Academy of Architectural Design decided to establish a design consortium with the Swiss Herzog & de Meuron Architects to sign up for the National Stadium Design Competition. The hospital decided to be the main designer of the Chinese side. Come to participate in this design work.
As far as I know, the Swiss Herzog & de Meuron Architects is the world's leading architect firm. What kind of qualities do you need as the main designer of the Chinese?
In fact, before that, I did not design the stadium. Of course, the hospital decided to participate by me. It may also be related to my performance over the years. In addition, as you said, this architectural firm is world famous. The architects in this office have their own unique architectural design style, which requires the Chinese designers to have the corresponding design taste and the level of dialogue with them; because it is a collaboration with Swiss architects, it must be certain The foreign language foundation can communicate with them very well.
The design plan for the main stadium of the 2008 Olympic Games is called the “Bird's Nest†design. Is this the original intention or the result of your design?
This is a result, or one of the results, not the cause, nor the cause.
When we start designing, we will look at a lot of things related to Chinese culture, such as traditional artifacts, bonsai, art, architecture, natural scenery, etc. After seeing more, these elements will melt into the consciousness of the architect. After you express it, it is not a certain one, not one of them. It is very abstract after expression. An abstract thing, its advantage is that it is not specific, everyone will come to his own imagination based on his consciousness.
We didn't want to make a bird's nest, or a container or something. Later, when you saw this design, you must ask what this has to do with Chinese culture. Then, maybe you can think of it, imagine that it is related to China. culture.
The "Bird's Nest" design scheme, people who like it, said that it is unique, concise and practical, and is unique in the history of world architecture; people who question it think it is too avant-garde, unlike buildings in the traditional sense?
I personally think that this design is a very simple work, but to a certain extent it shows a more unique style and image. I think the main reason is that many architects are now doing some fashionable and pleasing design for the public. At the same time, many people are used to the aesthetics of this angle. When a simple thing comes out, everyone is not used to it. How do you feel it? Nor is it like a traditional building, unlike a traditional sport. This is exactly what we want to do. We want to make it the most essential stadium. We think that some of the previous stadiums are excessive. Pursuing a technicalization and pursuing something that is not very relevant to sports, from this perspective it is unique. Then, after a unique thing comes out, there will definitely be people who like it, and some people don’t like it. We believe that the aesthetics of the public will change over time. Of course, we don't want to make any guidance. We just want to do something like this and put it here. I hope it will stand the test of time.
How can I make everyone feel that this "Bird's Nest" stadium is still a good thing after 20 years?
Our grandstand is a uniform and continuous ring, like the shape of a bowl. In such a stadium, people's focus will be on the event itself in the stadium, rather than paying attention to what form the building has. You can imagine that in a bowl-shaped stand, if you are full of spectators, the crowd will become a part of the building, forming a very warm atmosphere, which can inspire the athletes' competitive state, so it can be said that The shape of the stadium is the best state of the game. If you stand in the stadium of ancient Rome, we will not care about its architectural form, only pay attention to the athletes themselves. In this sense, it will not be outdated, because the spirit of sports is eternal.
How long did this "Bird's Nest" design take? What is the cost of the construction of this project?
For two months, I have been in Switzerland for the past two months. Our cost estimate is about 3.89 billion yuan, and the cost control set by the organizer in our design bidding is 4 billion yuan, which is slightly lower than it.
What kind of evaluation do you have for your personal work?
I have to judge my own work. I haven’t been able to comment on others. It’s because others can’t comment. It’s because I’ve just started, I don’t really have some sense of understanding, and I’m really making a good building. I even hope that it was a blank before, but it is impossible. Because there will be some regrets in the previous works, they are all in the process of learning, and can not be called works that can be commented in the true sense. Some people say that our industry is an industry of the elderly, because it requires experience and accumulation. My age is a junior in this industry. I can only say that I have just started. I may have some good buildings. The ability to recognize and dialogue.
Some people say that the 21st century architecture is not only for the purpose of expressing technology, but more about humanistic care. There seems to be a lot of similar things in your architectural philosophy.
I think that architecture should be like this. Humans originally built a house because they needed a place where they could shelter from the wind and rain to work, live, and communicate. Now some buildings are somewhat out of human needs for the original building.
It is a big problem to pay attention to the shape of the building and other things outside the essence of the building. Of course, these problems are easier to say and harder to do. Including myself, I also slowly realized the existence of these problems in the continuous learning process. Learning is not just a process of reading books. These problems are constantly learned through the course of practice. For example, after the house I designed is finished, I will reflect on it. If some places are not satisfied, then I will ask why. Then I went to read books, communicated with high-level people, watched high-level buildings, and slowly realized the problems.
Some people say that building is not only a technical matter, but an emotional thing.
I think the latter is more important. Of course, this sentiment is not narrow. In terms of technology, the humanities in architecture are more important. This is my personal opinion. People are full of hope for a building. He hopes that this building will touch him. He hopes to enter this building space will bring him surprise and fascination, let him walk, stop, and even meditate, let him always Still want to come again. Technology is complementary, helping people and helping architects build this thing.
What architecture can touch you?
a lot of. The Forbidden City is one of them.
As an architect, do you think that the role of Chinese architects in China has been maximized?
The domestic environment is very good, and sometimes the architects are playing too much, there is no limit. There is no better environment for architects than the current China, so that these famous architects from all over the world have come to China.
What kind of future do you think the architecture of Beijing City will have?
Because of the participation of top international architects, Beijing's architecture will get better and better, international standards will be higher and higher, and there may be world-leading architectural works.
Will the participation of many architects in the world affect the overall style of Beijing City?
Do you think Beijing has an overall style? I don't think so. Many of its styles have been lost, and we have ruined Beijing's perfect time. If you used to be in Beijing, the city walls, the city gates, and the large houses were all perfect, Beijing has its own unique style. This city will make us proud if we keep it today. Now, apart from those few points, I personally feel that Beijing City as a city has lost the unique style that can rival Paris and Florence.
Interview Notes: Hegel said: Architecture is solid music, music is a flowing building. In fact, if a musical piece fails, as a bystander, we will stop listening at most; but once a "solidified music" stands in the city, then whether it is a failure or not, We all have nothing to do with it. Be aware that the money spent on dismantling a "solidified music" can sometimes exceed the investment in building it.
Although anyone can comment on the buildings in his living space, even if he can't use it himself, he can't even "see the eyes" as soon as the behemoth constitutes an unavoidable landscape in his vision. Li Xinggang knows this well, so he tries to avoid these problems that may arise. He hopes that he can become an architect who can bring beautiful architecture and beauty to people.
Li Xinggang's small file:
Born in Hebei in 1969, he graduated from Tianjin University in 1991 with a degree in architecture. He is currently the deputy chief architect of the China Architecture Design and Research Institute, a professor-level senior architect, and a national first-class registered architect.
representative work:
Beijing Xingtao Exhibition Reception Center (main designer)
Beijing Xizhimen Transportation Hub (in cooperation with French architects)
Dongguan University of Technology Research and Testing Center (main designer)
The main stadium of the 2008 Olympic Games (the Swiss Herzog & de Meuron Architects and the China Architectural Design and Research Institute jointly designed, Li Xinggang is the Chinese chief designer)
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